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Dendrite-free lithium deposition with self-aligned nanorod structure
Yaohui Zhang1, Jiangfeng Qian, Wu Xu
1Energy and Environment Directorate, ∥Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, and ⊥Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99354, United States.
Nano Letters
|November 25, 2014
Summary
Suppressing lithium dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries is crucial. This study reports dendrite-free lithium films with a nanorod structure using a CsPF6 additive, enhancing stability.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Lithium metal batteries offer high energy density but suffer from dendrite growth, hindering their commercialization.
- Controlling lithium deposition morphology is key to improving battery safety and cycle life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the formation of dendrite-free lithium films using a novel electrolyte additive.
- To understand the role of the additive in controlling lithium morphology and the underlying SEI formation.
Main Methods:
- Electrochemical deposition and stripping of lithium films.
- Surface and cross-sectional morphology analysis (SEM, etc.).
- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for SEI composition analysis.
Main Results:
- Dendrite-free, self-aligned, and compacted lithium nanorod films were successfully grown.
- A pre-formed solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, rich in LiF due to CsPF6, was identified.
- Synergistic effects of Cs+ additive and SEI layer promote smooth lithium deposition.
Conclusions:
- The CsPF6 additive significantly enhances LiF formation in the SEI, leading to dendrite-free lithium deposition.
- Understanding SEI composition and structure is vital for stabilizing lithium metal anodes.
- This approach offers a pathway to improve the long-term cycling stability of lithium metal batteries.
