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Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Ankle Joint01:10

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
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In brick wall construction, supporting structures are crucial for openings like windows and doors to maintain the integrity and support the weight of the wall above. These supports include lintels, corbels, and arches, each serving specific structural purposes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

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Bracing versus casting in ankle fractures.

Mark C Drakos1, Conor I Murphy

  • 1Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Foot and Ankle Service, New York City, NY. cmurphy29@gmail.com.

The Physician and Sportsmedicine
|November 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Functional bracing for ankle fractures offers early mobilization and may speed return to work. However, evidence for long-term benefits over casting is minimal, with potential risks like infection in some cases.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Traditional casting and splinting are long-standing fracture treatments.
  • Functional bracing aims to prevent atrophy and stiffness by allowing early ankle joint mobilization during recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare the efficacy of functional bracing versus cast immobilization for ankle fractures.
  • To evaluate outcomes in both operatively and nonoperatively treated ankle fractures.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published literature.
  • Inclusion of studies on operatively and nonoperatively managed ankle fractures.

Main Results:

  • Minimal long-term evidence supports functional bracing over casting for improved functional outcomes, range of motion, swelling, or arthrosis.

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  • Potential benefits include earlier return to work, easier daily activities, and reduced risk of deep vein thrombosis.
  • Increased risk of wound infection noted with bracing after open reduction and internal fixation for unstable ankle fractures.

    • Conclusions:

    • Functional bracing shows limited long-term advantages compared to cast immobilization for ankle fractures.
    • It may be beneficial for stable or postoperative fractures in compliant patients to facilitate recovery and daily living.
    • Careful patient selection is crucial, considering potential risks like infection in specific fracture types.