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Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

20
Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
20
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

25
Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

913
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
913
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

17
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
17
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

17
Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
17
Pyloric Obstruction01:11

Pyloric Obstruction

19
Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
19

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction
07:33

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Posterior rectus sheath hernia causing intermittent small bowel obstruction.

Scott Lenobel1, Robert Lenobel2, Joseph Yu1

  • 1Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.

Journal of Radiology Case Reports
|November 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A rare posterior rectus sheath hernia caused intermittent small bowel obstruction. Early awareness of this abdominal wall hernia is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
CTabdomenabdominal painherniarectus sheathsmall bowel obstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Abdominal Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Posterior rectus sheath hernias are uncommon abdominal wall defects.
  • Their rarity can lead to diagnostic challenges and delays, especially in patients with abdominal pain.

Observation:

  • A case of a large posterior rectus sheath hernia (6 cm) causing intermittent small bowel obstruction is presented.
  • The hernia sac contained a significant portion of the small bowel within the rectus sheath.

Findings:

  • Computed tomography (CT) scans were initially inconclusive due to the defect's size and location.
  • The diagnosis was delayed until symptoms of small bowel obstruction became apparent.

Implications:

  • Increased clinical awareness of posterior rectus sheath hernias is necessary for prompt diagnosis.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare hernias in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain and obstruction.