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Immunostaining-Based Detection of Dynamic Alterations in Red Blood Cell Proteins
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Red blood cell storage lesion.

Rafael Obrador1, Sarah Musulin, Bernie Hansen

  • 1From the Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607.

Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)
|November 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Red blood cell (RBC) storage causes biochemical and functional changes, known as the storage lesion. Evidence suggests transfusing older RBCs increases patient morbidity and mortality risks, necessitating further research into blood banking practices.

Keywords:
blood transfusioncomplicationstransfusion medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Red blood cell (RBC) storage leads to the storage lesion, a series of biochemical, biomechanical, and immunologic changes.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for assessing the impact of RBC storage duration on patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the mechanisms of the RBC storage lesion.
  • To review the biological and clinical consequences of prolonged RBC storage.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of human and veterinary clinical studies.
  • Inclusion of experimental animal model studies and existing reviews.
  • No date restrictions applied to the literature search.

Main Results:

  • Experimental studies detail RBC and supernatant changes during storage, raising concerns about potential harm.
  • While some RCTs found no association, meta-analyses and observational studies link older RBC transfusion to increased morbidity and mortality, especially in trauma and cardiac surgery patients.
  • Animal models, including sepsis in dogs, support adverse effects of the storage lesion.

Conclusions:

  • RBC storage induces progressive changes affecting cell viability, oxygen transport, and recipient response.
  • The majority of human and veterinary literature indicates deleterious effects of the RBC storage lesion.
  • Further research with improved experimental designs is needed to guide modifications in blood banking and transfusion practices.