Growth of preterm low birth weight infants until 24 months corrected age: effect of maternal hypertension

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Alice M Kiy1, Ligia M S S Rugolo2, Ana K C De Luca1

  • 1Neonatal Unit, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|November 29, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Infants born preterm with low birth weight to mothers with hypertension showed increased overweight risk at 24 months corrected age. Being small for gestational age and poor early growth are key risk factors for later growth disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Growth and Development
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Preterm birth and low birth weight are significant neonatal concerns.
  • Maternal hypertension is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • Understanding long-term growth patterns in these infants is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the growth trajectory of low birth weight preterm infants born to mothers with hypertension up to 24 months corrected age (CA).
  • To identify growth disorders and associated risk factors in this vulnerable population.
  • To compare growth patterns between infants born to hypertensive and normotensive mothers.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study followed preterm, low birth weight infants from January 2009 to December 2010.
  • Inclusion criteria: gestational age < 37 weeks, birth weight 1,500-2,499 g.
  • Exclusion criteria: multiple pregnancies, major congenital anomalies, loss to follow-up; evaluated weight, length, and BMI.

Main Results:

  • 80 infants born to hypertensive mothers and 101 to normotensive mothers were analyzed.
  • Infants of hypertensive mothers had a higher risk of overweight at 24 months CA.
  • Small for gestational age status and inadequate growth in the first 12 months predicted poorer growth at 24 months CA.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension in mothers of preterm, low birth weight infants is linked to an increased risk of overweight at 24 months CA.
  • Being born small for gestational age and experiencing inadequate growth in the first year are significant risk factors for growth disorders at 24 months CA.
Abstract

Keywords:
Baixo peso ao nascerChildCrescimentoCriançaGrowthHipertensão maternaLow birth weightMaternal hypertensionPrematurePrematuro

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