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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
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From acute decompensated to chronic heart failure.

Snehal R Patel1, Ileana L Piña1

  • 1Heart and Vascular Center, Montefiore-Einstein Medical Center, Bronx, New York.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|November 30, 2014
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Summary

Hospitalization for acute decompensated heart failure is a critical point. This review focuses on the often-overlooked transition from acute therapies to oral heart failure medications during hospitalization.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) hospitalizations are associated with poor outcomes.
  • High readmission rates drive interest in improving care transitions.
  • Current focus is on acute therapies and discharge to outpatient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the internal transition from acute vasoactive therapies to oral heart failure medications.
  • To highlight the importance of this transition during the hospital stay.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies and clinical trials.
  • Analysis of the transition period in heart failure management.

Main Results:

  • The transition from acute to oral therapy is a critical, often overlooked, phase.
  • This internal transition impacts patient outcomes post-discharge.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing the transition from acute vasoactive therapies to oral medications is crucial.
  • Improving this internal transition may reduce mortality and readmission rates in heart failure patients.