[Pain assessment using the Facial Action Coding System. A systematic review]
Rosa Rojo1, Juan Carlos Prados-Frutos1, Antonio López-Valverde2
1Departamento de Estomatología y Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, España.
Medicina Clinica
|December 1, 2014
Summary
The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) offers a reliable and objective method for pain assessment in individuals with communication impairments. This systematic review confirms FACS
Area of Science:
- Pain assessment
- Human behavior
- Medical diagnostics
Background:
- Self-reporting is the standard for pain measurement but is limited in patients with communication deficits.
- Objective pain assessment tools are needed for non-verbal or communication-impaired populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the literature on pain assessment using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS).
- To evaluate the reliability and objectivity of FACS for pain detection and quantification.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of 4,335 initially identified references.
- Inclusion criteria applied, resulting in 26 articles for analysis.
- Methodological quality assessed using the GRADE system.
Main Results:
- The review focused on adult and elderly patients with various health conditions, cognitive deficits, or chronic pain.
- FACS was identified as a viable tool for pain assessment in these populations.
- The GRADE system was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies.
Conclusions:
- The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is a reliable and objective tool for detecting and quantifying pain.
- FACS is effective across diverse patient groups, including those with communication impairments.
- Further research may explore specific applications and refinements of FACS in clinical settings.
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