[Allele-specific PCR and its application in forensic science].

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Forensic Science

Background:

• Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) utilizes allele-specific primers for precise genetic analysis.
• Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are crucial markers in various biological and medical studies.
• AS-PCR is effective for detecting various polymorphisms, including transitions, transversions, and insertion/deletion variations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the principles and detection methods of AS-PCR.
• To discuss improvements and research updates in AS-PCR technology.
• To highlight the applications of AS-PCR in genetic research and forensic science.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on AS-PCR.
• Analysis of AS-PCR principles and primer design.
• Examination of detection methodologies and advancements.

Main Results:

• AS-PCR is a versatile technique for SNP genotyping.
• The review covers advancements in autosome, Y chromosome, and mitochondrial SNP analysis using AS-PCR.
• AS-PCR has significant applications in disease research, molecular diagnostics, and forensic identification.

Conclusions:

• AS-PCR is a powerful tool for SNP analysis with broad applicability.
• Continued research and methodological improvements enhance AS-PCR's utility.
• AS-PCR plays a vital role in advancing genetic studies and forensic investigations.