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Evaluation of benzaldehyde derivatives from Morinda officinalis as anti-mite agents with dual function as acaricide
Ji-Yeon Yang1, Min-Gi Kim1, Jun-Hwan Park1
1Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry and Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus with 12-30% fatality rate. Despite severity of the disease, any medication or treatment for SFTS has not developed yet. One approach to prevent SFTS spreading is to control the arthropod vector carrying SFTS virus. We report that 2-methylbenzaldehyde analogues from M. officinalis have a dual function as acaricide against Dermatophagoides spp. and Haemaphysalis longicornis and indicator (color change) against Dermatophagoides spp. Based on the LD50 values, 2,4,5-trimethylbenzaldehyde (0.21, 0.19, and 0.68 μg/cm(3)) had the highest fumigant activity against D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, and H. longicornis, followed by 2,3-dimethylbenzaldehyde (0.46, 0.44, and 0.79 μg/cm(3)), 2,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde (0.66, 0.59, and 0.95 μg/cm(3)), 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde (0.65, 0.68, and 0.88 μg/cm(3)), 2-methylbenzaldehyde (0.95, 0.87, and 1.28 μg/cm(3)), 3-methylbenzaldehyde (0.99, 0.93, and 1.38 μg/cm(3)), 4-methylbenzaldehyde (1.17, 1.15, and 3.67 μg/cm(3)), and M. officinalis oil (7.05, 7.00, and 19.70 μg/cm(3)). Furthermore, color alteration of Dermatophagoides spp. was shown to be induced, from colorless to dark brown, by the treatment of 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. These finding indicated that 2-methylbenzaldehyde analogues could be developed as functional agent associated with the arthropod vector of SFTS virus and allergen.
Insights
New 2-methylbenzaldehyde compounds show promise for controlling SFTS virus vectors. These compounds act as acaricides against mites and ticks and can indicate mite presence through color change.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Entomology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a dangerous emerging infectious disease with a high fatality rate.
- Currently, no specific treatments exist for SFTS, making vector control a crucial prevention strategy.
- Arthropod vectors, such as ticks and mites, play a significant role in the transmission of SFTS virus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of 2-methylbenzaldehyde analogues from M. officinalis as dual-action agents against SFTS virus vectors.
- To evaluate the acaricidal activity of these compounds against Dermatophagoides spp. and Haemaphysalis longicornis.
- To assess the indicator properties of these compounds for detecting Dermatophagoides spp.
Main Methods:
- Synthesized and tested various 2-methylbenzaldehyde analogues for acaricidal efficacy using LD50 values.
- Assessed the fumigant activity of compounds against Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and Haemaphysalis longicornis.
- Investigated the colorimetric properties of 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde in detecting Dermatophagoides spp.
Main Results:
- 2,4,5-trimethylbenzaldehyde exhibited the highest fumigant activity against all tested arthropod species.
- Other dimethylbenzaldehyde derivatives also demonstrated significant acaricidal properties.
- 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde induced a color change in Dermatophagoides spp., indicating its potential as a detection agent.
Conclusions:
- 2-methylbenzaldehyde analogues possess potent acaricidal activity against key SFTS vectors.
- These compounds offer a dual function as both pesticides and indicators for arthropod vectors.
- Further development of these analogues could lead to novel strategies for managing SFTS transmission.
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