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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Knee Joint01:23

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
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Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

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The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
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Ankle Joint01:10

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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Patellar instability.

Jason L Koh1, Cory Stewart2

  • 1Orthopaedic Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Walgreen's 2505, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Rm. P207, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

The Orthopedic Clinics of North America
|December 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patellar instability, a common knee injury, often requires surgery due to high recurrence. Improved understanding of knee anatomy aids surgical management, though techniques like MPFL reconstruction have risks.

Keywords:
DislocationInjuryInstabilityKneeMedial patellofemoral ligamentPatella

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Patellar instability is a frequent knee injury leading to activity limitations and arthritis.
  • High recurrence rates often necessitate surgical intervention for patellar instability.
  • Understanding patellofemoral anatomy is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of patellofemoral anatomy in managing patellar instability.
  • To discuss the efficacy and challenges of surgical techniques like MPFL reconstruction.
  • To evaluate the unclear role of trochleoplasty in treating patellar instability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of anatomical factors influencing patellar stability.
  • Analysis of surgical techniques for patellar instability, including MPFL reconstruction.
  • Discussion of emerging concepts and unresolved questions in patellar instability management.

Main Results:

  • Advances in understanding medial patellofemoral ligament, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance, and trochlear dysplasia improve surgical options.
  • Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction is technically demanding and carries risks.
  • The therapeutic value of trochleoplasty for patellar instability is not yet established.

Conclusions:

  • Improved anatomical knowledge enhances surgical management of patellar instability.
  • Current surgical techniques present challenges and potential complications.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of trochleoplasty in treating patellar instability.