Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

118
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
118
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

66
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
66
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

172
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and...
172
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

16.2K
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
16.2K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

8.4K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
8.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The vacuolar tauopathy-associated mutation D395G confers redox sensitivity to p97/VCP.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

In-vivo analysis of neuroblastoma targeting potential of aGD2-SIRPα fusion antibodies for local CD47 blockade.

Molecular cancer therapeutics·2026
Same author

Recognition and remodelling of nucleosomes and hexasomes by the human INO80 complex.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

A Reproducible Ceramide Phenotype of Sepsis Across Aetiologies - A Monocenter Cohort Study.

Journal of inflammation research·2026
Same author

Ictero-hemorrhagic leptospirosis -Weil's disease.

IDCases·2026
Same author

Sequence and chemical specificity define the functional landscape of intrinsically disordered regions.

Nature cell biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
14:04

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

25.3K

c-di-AMP recognition by Staphylococcus aureus PstA.

Martina Müller1, Karl-Peter Hopfner1, Gregor Witte1

  • 1Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Gene Center and Dept. of Biochemistry, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.

FEBS Letters
|December 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclic-di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is a bacterial messenger. Researchers studied Staphylococcus aureus PstA protein, revealing unique c-di-AMP binding and structural changes distinct from related PII proteins.

Keywords:
Bacterial signal transductionCrystal structureCyclic-di-AMPFerredoxin-like foldP(II)-related protein

More Related Videos

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds
06:36

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds

Published on: September 8, 2021

3.4K
Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
09:03

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: September 5, 2013

12.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
14:04

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

25.3K
Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds
06:36

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds

Published on: September 8, 2021

3.4K
Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
09:03

Multiplex PCR Assay for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Mec Types I to V in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: September 5, 2013

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Bacterial physiology and signaling pathways.
  • Structural biology and protein-ligand interactions.
  • Microbial molecular mechanisms.

Background:

  • Cyclic-di-AMP (c-di-AMP) acts as a crucial bacterial secondary messenger.
  • It regulates vital cellular processes like DNA integrity, cell wall metabolism, and ion transport.
  • Staphylococcus aureus possesses several identified c-di-AMP receptor proteins, including PstA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of c-di-AMP binding by the Staphylococcus aureus PstA protein.
  • To characterize the structural alterations in PstA upon c-di-AMP interaction.
  • To compare the structural features of PstA with canonical PII signal-transduction proteins.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of PstA.
  • Biochemical assays to study c-di-AMP binding kinetics.
  • Comparative structural analysis between PstA and PII proteins.

Main Results:

  • PstA exhibits a ferredoxin-like fold, structurally analogous to PII proteins.
  • The study details the specific mode of c-di-AMP binding to PstA.
  • Significant structural changes were observed in PstA following c-di-AMP binding.
  • PstA's unique architecture leads to distinct c-di-AMP ligand coordination compared to canonical PII proteins.

Conclusions:

  • Staphylococcus aureus PstA binds c-di-AMP through a unique mechanism.
  • Structural differences between PstA and PII proteins impact c-di-AMP binding and coordination.
  • These findings provide insights into bacterial secondary messenger signaling and protein adaptation.