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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

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Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
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Amyloid Fibrils03:03

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Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Stereotaxic Infusion of Oligomeric Amyloid-beta into the Mouse Hippocampus
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A potential function for neuronal exosomes: sequestering intracerebral amyloid-β peptide.

Kohei Yuyama1, Hui Sun1, Seigo Usuki1

  • 1Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

FEBS Letters
|December 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Neuronal exosomes capture and clear amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, reducing Alzheimer

Keywords:
APP transgenic mouseAlzheimer’s diseaseAmyloid-β peptideCerebrospinal fluidCynomolgus monkeyExosome

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Elevated amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide in the brain is a key factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis.
  • Exosomes, small vesicles released by cells, are found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and may play a role in AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and role of exosome-associated Aβ in the CSF of non-human primates and mouse models of AD.
  • To determine the capacity of neuronal exosomes to capture Aβ and their potential as a therapeutic target for AD.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of exosome-associated Aβ in the CSF of cynomolgus monkeys and APP transgenic mice.
  • Analysis of glycosphingolipid content in neuronal and glial exosomes.
  • Intracerebral infusion of neuronal exosomes into APP transgenic mice to assess Aβ and amyloid plaque burden.

Main Results:

  • Exosome-associated Aβ was detected in the CSF of both species, with levels decreasing in aging animals.
  • Neuronal exosomes, unlike glial exosomes, demonstrated abundant glycosphingolipids and the ability to capture Aβ.
  • Infusion of neuronal exosomes reduced Aβ and amyloid depositions in the brains of APP transgenic mice.

Conclusions:

  • Neuronal exosomes play a significant role in the clearance of Aβ from the brain.
  • Reduced function or levels of neuronal exosomes may contribute to Aβ accumulation and Alzheimer's disease pathology.
  • Neuronal exosomes represent a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing Aβ clearance in Alzheimer's disease.