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Mycotic popliteal artery aneurysm

Ankush Sachdeva, Biswajit Paul, Neel Bhatia

    The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
    |December 3, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Mycotic aneurysms, often caused by bacteria despite their name, are a rare but serious complication of infective endocarditis. These vascular infections affect a small percentage of patients with infective endocarditis.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Vascular Surgery

    Background:

    • Mycotic aneurysm (MA) is a rare complication of infective endocarditis (IE).
    • MA is observed in 3-15% of IE patients.
    • The term 'mycotic' historically implies fungal origin, but most MAs are bacterial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To define mycotic aneurysms.
    • To understand the etiology and prevalence of mycotic aneurysms in infective endocarditis.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review
    • Clinical case analysis
    • Pathological examination

    Main Results:

    • Mycotic aneurysms are defined by the presence of infection within an artery wall.
    • While Osler coined the term for fungal-like vegetations, bacterial infections are the predominant cause.
    • The incidence of MA in IE patients ranges from 3% to 15%.

    Conclusions:

    • Mycotic aneurysms are primarily bacterial infections of the arterial wall, not fungal.
    • Early recognition and treatment of infective endocarditis are crucial to prevent MA development.
    • MA represents a significant, albeit uncommon, vascular complication of IE.

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