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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

Can we simulate an action that we temporarily cannot perform?

C Calmels¹, S Pichon², J Grèzes³

¹Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance, département recherche, laboratoire SEP, Paris, France.

Neurophysiologie Clinique = Clinical Neurophysiology

|December 3, 2014

Summary

A temporary motor injury did not alter brain activity in the action observation network (AON) for elite gymnasts. However, the cerebellum showed increased activity when gymnasts perceived movements they could not perform due to injury.

Keywords:

Action observation network Blessure Experts en motricité IRMf Motor expert performers Motor injury Réseau de l’observation d’actions fMRI

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Last Updated: Jul 26, 2026

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Perception

Background:

Motor expertise enhances action perception via the action observation network (AON).
The impact of temporary motor injury on AON activation remains unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how temporary motor impairment affects brain activity within the AON.
To explore the role of the cerebellum in perceiving feasible versus unfeasible movements during injury.

Main Methods:

fMRI was used to record brain activity in 13 elite female gymnasts.
Activity was measured twice: during a lower extremity injury and after full recovery.
Participants observed gymnastics routines they could and could not perform.

Main Results:

Activity in the inferior parietal lobule and MT/V5/EBA (part of AON) remained consistent regardless of injury status.
The cerebellum exhibited higher activation when gymnasts observed movements they were temporarily unable to perform due to injury.

Conclusions:

Provisional physical incapacity does not disrupt perceptual processing of body shape and motion within the AON.
Motor expertise may preserve sensorimotor representations.
The cerebellum may differentiate between perceived feasible and unfeasible movements.