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There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features...

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the...

Trachea

Trachea

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of...

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show...

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Treacher Collins syndrome: a case study.

Jenny Y Chung¹, Thomas J Cangialosi², Sidney B Eisig³

¹Graduate, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics

|December 3, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Treacher Collins syndrome, a rare craniofacial disorder, presents unique orthodontic challenges. This case study details the treatment of an 11-year-old boy, highlighting management strategies for this condition.

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Area of Science:

Genetics and Developmental Biology
Craniofacial Development
Medical Case Studies

Background:

Treacher Collins syndrome is a genetic disorder affecting craniofacial development.
It has high penetrance but variable expressivity, impacting individuals differently.
The syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 live births.

Observation:

An 11-year-old male patient diagnosed with Treacher Collins syndrome was evaluated.
The patient presented with characteristic craniofacial anomalies.
Orthodontic assessment identified specific developmental issues relevant to the syndrome.

Findings:

The case describes the comprehensive orthodontic treatment approach for the patient.
Management strategies were tailored to address the unique craniofacial structure.
The study focuses on the practical application of orthodontic interventions in Treacher Collins syndrome.

Implications:

This case provides insights into effective orthodontic management for Treacher Collins syndrome.
Findings can inform clinical practice for similar craniofacial developmental disorders.
Understanding treatment nuances can improve patient outcomes and quality of life.