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Congenital corneal anesthesia

Muralidhar Ramappa1, Sunita Chaurasia1, Subhabrata Chakrabarti2

  • 1Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, India.

Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|December 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Congenital corneal anesthesia presents with diverse symptoms, including epithelial defects and ulcers. Early diagnosis and tarsorrhaphy are vital for preserving vision in affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Congenital corneal anesthesia is a rare condition affecting corneal sensation from birth.
  • It can lead to severe ocular surface disease and vision impairment.
  • Understanding its varied presentations is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical spectrum of congenital corneal anesthesia in children.
  • To identify associated neurological and systemic findings.
  • To evaluate treatment outcomes for ocular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records of 40 children diagnosed with congenital corneal anesthesia.
  • Data collected included demographics, clinical characteristics, and ocular findings.
  • Analysis of treatment interventions and visual outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The study included 40 patients, with 70% having bilateral involvement.
  • Common corneal lesions included epithelial defects and sterile ulcers.
  • Associated findings included generalized insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis in 25% of cases.
  • Tarsorrhaphy led to ulcer resolution in most cases, but some eyes had poor visual outcomes after keratoplasty.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital corneal anesthesia requires accurate diagnosis and comprehensive neurological assessment.
  • Prompt management with tear substitutes and tarsorrhaphy is essential for visual rehabilitation.
  • Long-term sequelae can be minimized with early and appropriate care.
Abstract

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