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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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[Negative hallucination, self-consciousness and ageing].

C Hazif-Thomas1, F Stephan2, M Walter3

  • 1Service de l'intersecteur de psychiatrie du sujet âgé, hôpital de Bohars, CHU de Brest, route de Ploudalmézeau, 29820 Bohars, France; EA éthique professionnalisme et santé, EA 4486, université UBO, 29820 Bohars, France.

L'Encephale
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Negative hallucinations involve perception defects and denial of existence in the elderly, often linked to Cotard's syndrome. Management requires a focus on non-pharmacological, somatic approaches beyond medication.

Keywords:
Conscience de soiCotard's syndromeElderlyHallucination négativeHypochondriaHypocondrieMelancholiaMélancolieNegative hallucinationSMTrSelf consciousnessSujet âgéSyndrome de Cotard

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Negative hallucinations are perceptual disturbances, including denial of existence, creating a disconnect from reality.
  • They are closely associated with Cotard's syndrome and organ denial in elderly melancholic patients.
  • These symptoms can be underestimated but often signify underlying thymic suffering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical symptoms of negative hallucinations in the elderly.
  • To explore effective management strategies for these complex symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • A phenomenological approach was used to understand the origins of psychotic symptoms in older adults.
  • Clinical symptoms and management of negative hallucinations were reviewed.

Main Results:

  • Negative hallucinations impact patients' daily lives, causing significant suffering and a deficiency in symbolization.
  • The heterogeneity of pathological presentations, such as in Cotard's syndrome, necessitates a precise diagnostic approach.
  • Connections between hallucinations, mood disorders, and negative symptoms pose challenges for patients and caregivers.

Conclusions:

  • Medicinal treatments for negative hallucinations are not consistently effective.
  • Non-pharmacological, somatic interventions, including electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation, are recommended.
  • A greater emphasis on body-centered approaches is crucial for managing negative hallucinations in the elderly.