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Genetic variation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the aquacultural environments

Y H Tey1, K J Jong, S Y Fen

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Letters in Applied Microbiology
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from aquaculture facilities show high genetic variability. Some virulence genes were absent in pathogenic isolates, indicating complex genetic makeup in these foodborne pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Food Safety
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a significant seafood-borne pathogen.
  • The emergence of pandemic strains like O3:K6 highlights the need to understand its genetic diversity.
  • Environmental reservoirs in aquaculture contribute to pathogen circulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from milkfish and grouper aquaculture.
  • To assess the genetic variability and presence of virulence-associated genomic island markers.
  • To investigate the distribution of specific genes related to pathogenicity.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from environmental samples.
  • Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for genetic fingerprinting.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect virulence-associated and genomic island (VPaI) marker genes.

Main Results:

  • 11 distinct pulse types were identified among 62 environmental isolates.
  • Some T3SS2α-associated genes were not consistently found in putative pathogenic strains.
  • VPaI marker genes showed varied presence, with some not detected in any isolates.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates exhibit significant genetic diversity.
  • The distribution of virulence factors is heterogeneous, even within pathogenic strains.
  • Movable genetic elements likely play a role in the genetic variation of environmental V. parahaemolyticus.
Keywords:
aquaculturegenetic variationgenomic islandpulsed-field gel electrophoresistype III secretion system

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