[Preoperative fasting guidelines: an update]
A C López Muñoz1, N Busto Aguirreurreta2, J Tomás Braulio1
1Sección Pediátrica, Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España.
Revista Espanola De Anestesiologia Y Reanimacion
|December 3, 2014
Summary
Updated preoperative fasting guidelines aim to reduce aspiration risk and improve patient comfort. This review covers evidence-based guidelines since 2010, including special considerations for infants, obese patients, and ophthalmic surgery.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Patient Safety
- Evidence-Based Medicine
Background:
- Anesthesiology societies have provided preoperative fasting guidelines since 1990.
- Guidelines aim to reduce lung aspiration and anesthetic morbidity.
- Patient comfort is also a key consideration for preoperative fasting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review updated evidence-based preoperative fasting guidelines issued since 2010.
- To examine current fasting instructions for specific patient populations.
- To address controversial aspects of preoperative fasting.
Main Methods:
- Review of updated preoperative fasting guidelines from anesthesiology societies.
- Analysis of evidence-based recommendations published since 2010.
- Examination of fasting protocols for infants, obese patients, and ophthalmic surgery.
Main Results:
- Two main evidence-based preoperative fasting guidelines are available since 2010.
- Updated guidelines reflect advancements in understanding aspiration risk and patient comfort.
- Specific considerations for high-risk patient groups are addressed.
Conclusions:
- Current guidelines offer improved strategies for preoperative fasting.
- Evidence-based recommendations enhance patient safety and comfort.
- Further research may be needed for specific controversial patient groups.
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