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Fetal CNS: a systematic approach.

Julie A Ritner1, Mary C Frates1

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Routine prenatal ultrasound at 16-20 weeks detects ventriculomegaly, a sign of potential brain abnormalities. A systematic evaluation is crucial for accurate diagnosis of central nervous system conditions.

Keywords:
CNSCentral nervous systemIntracranial hemorrhageUltrasoundVentriculomegaly

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Prenatal sonography is standard for assessing fetal development between 16-20 weeks.
  • Ventriculomegaly, an enlargement of brain ventricles, is readily detected during these routine scans.
  • This finding often indicates associated intracranial anomalies, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of a systematic approach in evaluating fetal intracranial structures.
  • To guide clinicians in diagnosing central nervous system abnormalities when ventriculomegaly is identified.
  • To highlight the diagnostic yield of detailed neurosonography following incidental detection of ventriculomegaly.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic protocols for prenatal sonography.
  • Systematic assessment of fetal intracranial anatomy.
  • Correlation of sonographic findings with potential central nervous system abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Ventriculomegaly is a common finding during routine mid-trimester prenatal screening.
  • Isolated ventriculomegaly requires thorough neurosonographic examination to rule out underlying pathology.
  • A structured approach aids in identifying a spectrum of central nervous system malformations.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal diagnosis of ventriculomegaly mandates a comprehensive evaluation of the fetal brain.
  • Systematic neurosonography improves the detection and diagnosis of congenital brain anomalies.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis facilitates appropriate management and counseling for fetal central nervous system conditions.