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Periostin expression contributes to cortical bone loss during unloading.

Maude Gerbaix1, Laurence Vico2, Serge L Ferrari1

  • 1Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospital & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 14, Switzerland.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periostin protein is crucial for maintaining cortical bone health during unloading. Its absence prevents bone loss by blocking sclerostin increases, highlighting its role in mechanical force response.

Keywords:
Bone formationCorticalPeriostinSclerostinUnloading

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Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology
  • Skeletal Physiology
  • Mechanobiology

Background:

  • Periostin (Postn) is a matricellular protein upregulated by mechanical stimulation in bone cells.
  • Periostin deficiency leads to low bone mass and impaired response to physical activity.
  • Mechanical loading normally inhibits sclerostin (Sost) via periostin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of periostin in cortical bone loss during unloading.
  • To determine if periostin mediates the increase in sclerostin during hindlimb suspension (HU).

Main Methods:

  • Hindlimb suspension (HU) model in periostin-deficient (Postn(-/-)) and wildtype (Postn(+/+)) mice.
  • Analysis of bone mineral density (BMD), microarchitecture (BV/TV, Tb.Th), and gene expression (Postn, Sost, Dkk1, Rankl, Opg).
  • Assessment of bone formation and cortical bone strength.

Main Results:

  • HU decreased femur BMD, trabecular, and cortical bone in wildtype mice, associated with reduced Postn and increased Sost expression.
  • Trabecular bone loss was similar in Postn(-/-) mice, but cortical bone was preserved.
  • Cortical bone loss in Postn(-/-) mice was prevented because Sost did not increase after HU.

Conclusions:

  • Hindlimb suspension inhibits periostin expression, leading to increased sclerostin and subsequent cortical bone loss.
  • Periostin is essential for mediating cortical bone loss in response to unloading.
  • Periostin plays a key role in the bone's response to mechanical forces, both loading and unloading.