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Pertussis toxin promoter sequences involved in modulation.

R Gross1, R Rappuoli

  • 1Scalvo Research Center, Siena, Italy.

Journal of Bacteriology
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Environmental stimuli modulate pertussis toxin (PT) expression at the transcriptional level in phase I bacteria. This modulation requires the vir locus and specific DNA sequences within the PT promoter region.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pertussis toxin (PT) expression is regulated by a trans-activating factor and a specific DNA promoter region.
  • Previous studies identified a 21-base-pair direct repeat crucial for PT trans-activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the modulative response of the PT promoter to environmental stimuli.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PT transcriptional regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of PT promoter activity under various environmental conditions.
  • Site-directed mutagenesis to identify critical DNA sequences.
  • Kinetic studies of transcriptional changes.

Main Results:

  • PT promoter modulation occurs at the transcriptional level, exclusively in phase I bacteria.
  • Both the vir locus and the 170-bp promoter region are essential for modulation.
  • Sequences downstream of position -117, including a specific cytosine-rich region, are critical for trans-activation and modulation.
  • Deletion of four cytosine residues at position -31 inactivates the promoter.
  • Rapid shut-off of transcription by MgSO4 and slow resumption upon removal of modulators were observed.

Conclusions:

  • PT gene expression is tightly regulated by environmental cues at the transcriptional level.
  • Specific DNA elements within the PT promoter are crucial for both basal expression and environmental modulation.
  • The vir locus plays a key role in mediating these regulatory responses.

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