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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
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Nanomedicines for antimicrobial interventions.

F Cavalieri1, M Tortora2, A Stringaro3

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.

The Journal of Hospital Infection
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New antimicrobial materials, including nano- and microparticles, offer strategies against drug-resistant bacteria and healthcare-associated infections. This review explores their potential for early diagnosis and intervention, especially for biofilm-embedded cells.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial micro/nanosystemsGold nanoparticlesLipid nanoparticlesMicrobubblesPolymeric materialsSilver nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The rise of multidrug-resistant organisms necessitates novel antimicrobial strategies.
  • Effective early diagnosis and intervention for challenging bacterial infections, such as those in biofilms, remain difficult.
  • Healthcare-associated infections pose a significant public health threat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review organic, inorganic, and hybrid materials for preventing and controlling healthcare-associated infections.
  • To summarize current knowledge on nano- and microparticle-based antimicrobial agents.
  • To describe the potential mechanisms of action for these antimicrobial materials.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications.
  • Identification and categorization of antimicrobial materials (organic, inorganic, hybrid).
  • Analysis of nano- and microparticle-based antimicrobial agents and their modes of action.

Main Results:

  • A range of organic, inorganic, and hybrid materials show promise for antimicrobial applications.
  • Nano- and microparticle-based agents are key candidates for combating resistant bacteria.
  • Understanding the mode of action is crucial for effective application.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced materials, particularly nano- and microparticles, represent a promising frontier in antimicrobial therapy.
  • These materials can aid in the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections.
  • Further research into their mechanisms will enhance their therapeutic potential against resistant bacteria.