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Related Concept Videos

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Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
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Conditional knockout mouse models of cancer.

Chu-Xia Deng1

  • 1Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

Cold Spring Harbor Protocols
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Gene targeting technology allows precise genome manipulation in mice, advancing biomedical research. Conditional knockout models overcome developmental hurdles, aiding cancer research into tumor initiation and progression.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Genomics
  • Mammalian Biology

Background:

  • Gene targeting, or knockout technology, enables precise manipulation of the mammalian genome.
  • Nobel Prize-winning research in 2007 recognized gene modification techniques in mice.
  • Germline mutations in tumor suppressors can cause embryonic lethality, hindering cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review conditional knockout mouse models widely used in cancer research.
  • To explore their application in understanding tumorigenesis mechanisms.
  • To highlight advancements in studying tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing conditional knockout technology with Cre-LoxP or Flp-Frt systems.
  • Generating genetic switches for temporal and/or spatial DNA recombination.

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  • Developing and applying conditional mutant mouse models.

    • Main Results:

    • Conditional knockout technology effectively overcomes embryonic lethality associated with germline mutations.
    • Numerous conditional knockout mouse models have been successfully generated.
    • These models are instrumental in studying various stages of cancer development.

    Conclusions:

    • Conditional knockout mouse models are crucial tools in cancer research.
    • They provide insights into the mechanisms underlying tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis.
    • This technology significantly advances our understanding of mammalian biology and biomedical research.