Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 20, 2026
Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Surface Defects of Remover Retreatment File After Single and Multiple Uses
Published on: October 11, 2024
Apical extrusion of debris in flat-oval root canals after using different instrumentation systems
Alison Luís Kirchhoff1, Luiz Fernando Fariniuk1, Isabel Mello2
1Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris in flat-oval root canal systems during cleaning and shaping with different instrumentation systems.
Methods:
Seventy-two mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 18) according to the instrumentation system to be used: the ProTaper Next rotary system (PTN; Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK), the WaveOne reciprocating system (WO, Dentsply Tulsa Dental), the Twisted File Adaptive (TFA; SybronEndo, Orange, CA) rotary/reciprocating system, and the Self-Adjusting File (SAF) system (ReDent-Nova, Ra'anana, Israel). Debris extruded during the instrumentation was collected and dried in preweighed Eppendorf tubes. Three consecutive weights were obtained for each tube, and the average was calculated. The data were analyzed using the t test and analysis of variance (Games-Howell test).
Results:
The SAF produced significantly more debris compared with the other systems (P < .05). No significant difference was noted amongst the PTN, WO, and TFA (P > .05).
Conclusions:
Regardless of the instrumentation system used, apical extrusion of debris was exhibited at some level, regardless of the instrumentation system used. The SAF was associated with the highest amount of debris extrusion compared with PTN, WO, and TFA.
