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Baroreflex function in anurans from different environments.

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Terrestrial anurans better maintain blood pressure via lymph mobilization than aquatic species. Baroreflex function, crucial for blood pressure homeostasis, was similar across species, suggesting other mechanisms aid terrestrial anurans.

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    Area of Science:

    • Comparative physiology
    • Cardiovascular regulation
    • Amphibian biology

    Background:

    • Terrestrial anurans exhibit superior mean arterial blood pressure (P(m)) regulation during dehydration or hemorrhage, attributed to lymph mobilization.
    • Arterial baroreceptors are vital for short-term blood pressure homeostasis.
    • Understanding baroreflex function across different anuran environments is key to explaining P(m) maintenance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare baroreflex function in three anuran species with varying environmental adaptations and dehydration tolerance.
    • To investigate the role of arterial baroreceptors in P(m) regulation in anurans.

    Main Methods:

    • Pharmacological manipulation of P(m) using phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside (20–200 μg kg(− 1)).
    • Quantitative analysis of heart rate (f(H)) changes using a four-parameter sigmoidal logistic function.
    • Comparison of resting P(m) and baroreflex gain among aquatic (Xenopus laevis), semiaquatic (Lithobates catesbeianus), and terrestrial (Rhinella marina) species.

    Main Results:

    • Resting P(m) was significantly lower in aquatic Xenopus laevis (3.6 ± 0.3 kPa) compared to semiaquatic Lithobates catesbeianus (4.1 ± 0.2 kPa) and terrestrial Rhinella marina (4.7 ± 0.2 kPa).
    • Maximal baroreflex gain did not differ significantly among species, ranging from 12.1 to 14.3 beats min(− 1) kPa(− 1).
    • Optimal baroreflex function occurred near resting P(m), favoring responses to hypotension.

    Conclusions:

    • Arterial baroreceptors appear to be critical for anuran P(m) maintenance, particularly in response to hypotension.
    • The similar baroreflex function across species suggests alternative or complementary mechanisms, like lymph mobilization, are essential for terrestrial anurans' enhanced P(m) regulation.
    • Anuran cardiovascular systems demonstrate adaptive strategies for blood pressure homeostasis across diverse environments.