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Polymyositis/dermatomyositis and malignancy risk: a metaanalysis study.

Zaixing Yang1, Feng Lin1, Baodong Qin1

  • 1From the Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai; the Department of General Surgery, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.Z. Yang, MD, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University; F. Lin, MD, Department of General Surgery, Taizhou First People's Hospital; B. Qin, MD; Y. Liang, MD; R. Zhong, PhD, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University.

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|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) significantly increase the risk of overall and site-specific cancers. However, the association with stomach and prostate cancers requires further investigation due to limited data.

Keywords:
DERMATOMYOSITISMALIGNANCYMETAANALYSISPOLYMYOSITISRISK

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology and Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.
  • These conditions are associated with an increased risk of malignancy.
  • Understanding this association is crucial for patient management and cancer screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis investigating the association between polymyositis/dermatomyositis and malignancy risk.
  • To quantify the overall and site-specific cancer risks in patients with PM/DM.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Pubmed up to August 16, 2013.
  • Inclusion of cohort and observational studies reporting rate ratios (RR) or standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for PM/DM and cancer.
  • Meta-analysis using random-effects or fixed-effects models to pool RRs.

Main Results:

  • Twenty publications were included in the meta-analysis.
  • PM, DM, and PM/DM were associated with significantly increased risks of overall malignancy (pooled RRs: 1.62, 5.50, 4.07, respectively).
  • Increased risks were more pronounced within the first year of diagnosis, in males, and in population-based studies for DM. Associations were found with most site-specific malignancies, but not stomach or prostate cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are significantly linked to higher risks of overall and most site-specific malignancies.
  • The association between PM/DM and certain cancers is based on limited studies, necessitating further research.
  • Enhanced surveillance for malignancy is recommended for patients diagnosed with PM or DM.