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Physically active rats lose more weight during calorie restriction.

Mark E Smyers1, Kailey Z Bachir2, Steven L Britton3

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
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High-capacity runners (HCR) lose more weight during calorie restriction than low-capacity runners (LCR). This suggests physical activity counters metabolic thriftiness, impacting weight loss and lean mass retention.

Keywords:
High- and low-capacity runners (HCR and LCR)Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)Thrifty genotypeWeight loss

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Metabolic adaptation
  • Animal models

Background:

  • Individual differences in physical activity impact obesity and metabolic health.
  • High intrinsic aerobic capacity is linked to metabolic benefits.
  • Rats selected for high aerobic capacity (HCR) are more active than low-capacity (LCR) rats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if physical activity counteracts metabolic thriftiness during calorie restriction.
  • To compare weight loss and physical activity in HCR and LCR rats under dietary conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Three weeks of 50% calorie restriction (CR) in HCR and LCR rat lines.
  • Measurement of physical activity levels and body weight changes.
  • Comparison of weight loss and activity patterns between HCR and LCR rats.

Main Results:

  • HCR rats exhibited greater relative weight loss than LCR rats during CR.
  • Physical activity decreased during CR, with a more pronounced decline in HCR.
  • HCR rats maintained higher relative physical activity than LCR rats even during CR.

Conclusions:

  • Low physical activity may contribute to metabolic thriftiness during food restriction, aiding body mass defense.
  • Findings have implications for understanding weight loss variability during dieting and the role of aerobic capacity.
  • Suggests an evolutionary trade-off between metabolic thriftiness and aerobic capacity.