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Related Experiment Videos

Model structures for C-(A)-S-H(I).

Ian G Richardson1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, England.

Acta Crystallographica Section B, Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
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Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) models were developed based on clinotobermorite, not orthotobermorite. These new models explain variations in C-S-H composition and structure, crucial for understanding concrete binding phases.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mineralogy
  • Solid State Chemistry

Background:

  • Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) is the primary binding phase in concrete.
  • C-S-H is structurally related to tobermorite, but with significant imperfections and variable composition.
  • Previous structural models for C-S-H have limitations in explaining experimental observations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop new crystal-chemically plausible structural models for C-S-H phases.
  • To investigate the relationship between C-S-H structure and its variable composition.
  • To provide a framework for interpreting (29)Si NMR data of C-S-H.

Main Methods:

  • Development of new structural-chemical formulae for C-S-H.
  • Utilizing clinotobermorite as a basis for structural modeling, departing from orthotobermorite.
Keywords:
binding phasecement-based concretetobermorite

Related Experiment Videos

  • Applying crystal-chemical and geometrical reasoning to derive models for varying silicate chain lengths.

    • Main Results:

    • Proposed structural models based on clinotobermorite are crystal-chemically consistent.
    • Demonstrated that interlayer calcium ions are absent in infinite silicate chains and added for vacant bridging sites.
    • Identified an intermixed Ca-rich phase in preparations with Ca/Si > 1.4.
    • Models successfully account for observed variations in Ca/Si, H2O/Si, anion structure, and layer spacing.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinotobermorite-based models provide a more accurate representation of C-S-H structure than previous orthotobermorite models.
    • The developed models offer a robust explanation for the compositional and structural variability of C-S-H.
    • These findings advance the understanding of the fundamental binding phase in concrete.