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Inflammation-induced DNA damage and damage-induced inflammation: a vicious cycle

Timea Pálmai-Pallag1, Csanád Z Bachrati

  • 1School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN6 7TS, United Kingdom.

Microbes and Infection
|December 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation involves recognizing danger signals like DNA. This review explores how DNA damage response pathways intersect with inflammatory signaling, impacting immune responses.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Inflammation is a key immune response to pathogens and injury.
  • Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
  • DNA acts as both a PAMP and DAMP, triggering inflammatory signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between DNA damage response (DDR) and pro-inflammatory signaling.
  • To highlight how DNA sensing mechanisms bridge innate immunity and DNA repair.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the intersection of DNA damage and inflammation.
  • Analysis of representative examples illustrating the interplay.

Main Results:

  • DNA-binding proteins are crucial in sensing DNA as a PAMP/DAMP and initiating inflammation.
  • Some DNA-binding proteins involved in inflammation also participate in DNA repair pathways.
  • The DDR machinery can be co-opted to drive pro-inflammatory responses.

Conclusions:

  • A complex interplay exists between DNA damage response and inflammatory signaling.
  • Understanding this crosstalk is vital for comprehending immune responses to cellular stress and damage.

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