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Iron administration prevents BDNF decrease and depressive-like behavior following chronic stress.

Sara Mehrpouya1, Arezo Nahavandi2, Fatemeh Khojasteh1

  • 1Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Brain Research
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

High iron levels worsen stress-induced depression and neuron loss in rats. Moderate iron and deferiprone, an iron chelator, showed protective effects, improving brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and reducing depressive behaviors.

Keywords:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factorHippocampusIronStress-induced depression

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurochemistry
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Pro-inflammatory cytokines influence stress responses and iron metabolism.
  • Iron is critical for hippocampus neuron survival and implicated in depression.
  • Stress and depression share a close causal relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of iron on stress-induced depression.
  • To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of iron chelation in a stress model.

Main Methods:

  • Rats underwent chronic mild stress (CMS) and received varying iron doses or an iron chelator (deferiprone).
  • Assessed serum interleukin-6, hippocampus iron content, BDNF gene expression, CA1 pyramidal cell count, and forced swimming test behavior.
  • Utilized enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay, atomic absorption spectrometry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Nissl staining.

Main Results:

  • CMS and high-dose iron reduced hippocampus cell counts; deferiprone mitigated this neuronal loss.
  • Stressed rats exhibited elevated hippocampus iron levels.
  • Moderate iron (12 mg/kg) increased BDNF expression and reduced immobility time in stressed rats.

Conclusions:

  • High iron doses exacerbate stress-induced neuronal degeneration, potentially via iron accumulation.
  • Deferiprone effectively reverses iron-induced neurodegeneration in stressed conditions.
  • Moderate iron administration may improve mood regulation by increasing neurotransmitters and BDNF during chronic stress.