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Can pharmacogenetics explain efficacy and safety of cisplatin pharmacotherapy?

Angela Roco1, Juan Cayún2, Stephania Contreras2

  • 1Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Occidente Santiago, Chile ; Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics (CQF), Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, ICBM - Insituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile Santiago, Chile.

Frontiers in Genetics
|December 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Pharmacogenetics can personalize cisplatin cancer therapy by examining genetic variations. Studying DNA repair enzymes and Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs) may improve treatment outcomes and reduce toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenetics
  • Cancer Therapy
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cisplatin is a cornerstone chemotherapy agent used across various cancers, including lung, gastric, ovarian, testicular, and esophageal.
  • Significant variability exists in patient response and toxicity to cisplatin-based therapies.
  • Pharmacogenetic studies investigate genetic factors influencing drug efficacy and side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current pharmacogenetic research on cisplatin therapy.
  • To focus on genetic variability in DNA reparation enzymes and Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs) affecting cisplatin metabolism and toxicity.
  • To highlight the potential clinical utility of pharmacogenetics in cisplatin-based treatment regimens.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent pharmacogenetic studies.
  • Analysis of research focusing on genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair pathways.
  • Examination of studies investigating Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs) in relation to cisplatin metabolism.

Main Results:

  • Genetic variations in DNA repair enzymes and GSTs are linked to cisplatin response and toxicity.
  • These genetic factors influence how patients metabolize and respond to cisplatin.
  • Evidence suggests pharmacogenetics can optimize cisplatin treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacogenetics holds significant potential for tailoring cisplatin chemotherapy.
  • Further collaborative research is needed to develop a clinical genetic panel for cisplatin therapy.
  • Personalized medicine approaches using pharmacogenetics can improve cancer treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
NER pathwaychemotherapycisplatinglutathione S-transferasespharmacogeneticspolymorphisms

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