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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

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The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

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Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
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Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
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Pink Breast Milk: Serratia marcescens Colonization.

Cipatli Ayuzo Del Valle1, Emilio Treviño Salinas2

  • 1Colegio de Pediatría de Nuevo León México, University of Nuevo Leon Mexico, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.

AJP Reports
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Pink breast milk, caused by Serratia marcescens, can be treated with antibiotics, allowing mothers to successfully resume breastfeeding. Early recognition and treatment are key to preventing complications.

Keywords:
breastfeedingcolonizationenterobacteria

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neonatal Care
  • Lactation

Background:

  • Breast milk discoloration can cause distress and lead to premature cessation of nursing.
  • Serratia marcescens is a bacterium linked to severe illness, particularly in intensive care settings.

Observation:

  • Two cases of pink-colored breast milk were reported.
  • Serratia marcescens was identified as the causative agent in both cases.

Findings:

  • Antimicrobial treatment was administered to the breastfeeding mothers.
  • Successful return to breastfeeding was achieved in both cases post-treatment.

Implications:

  • Pink breast milk is a sign of Serratia marcescens colonization.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment can facilitate the continuation of breastfeeding.
  • Early intervention prevents potential infant infection and supports maternal-infant bonding.