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Traumatic Intracranial Aerocele With Progressive Blindness - A case report.

B T Ugwu1, D Bawa1, E Ikenna1

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|December 3, 2014
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Traumatic intracranial aerocele, or pneumocephalus, is rare but can cause severe neurological issues. Prompt surgical intervention, like decompressive craniotomy, is crucial for positive outcomes in head injury patients.

Keywords:
BlindnessGood outcomePrompt surgerySymptomaticTraumatic intracranial aerocele

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Traumatic intracranial aerocele (pneumocephalus) is an uncommon condition.
  • It can lead to neurological deficits or life-threatening complications.
  • Urgent decompressive craniotomy may be required to manage increased intracranial pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of high suspicion and continuous monitoring for early detection.
  • To emphasize prompt neurosurgical intervention for favorable outcomes in severe head injuries.
  • To present a case of symptomatic intracranial aerocele following head trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Presentation of a case involving a young motorcyclist with a compound cranio-facial injury.
  • The patient sustained loss of consciousness and symptomatic intracranial aerocele after a road traffic accident.
  • The patient was not wearing a crash helmet during the accident.

Main Results:

  • A 28-year-old motorcyclist sustained a compound skull fracture, CSF rhinorrhea, ventricular aerocele, and progressive blindness.
  • Full vision recovery was achieved after bitemporal decompressive craniotomy.
  • Early detection and prompt surgery prevented further vision loss.

Conclusions:

  • A high index of suspicion is vital for early diagnosis of intracranial aerocele.
  • Prompt decompressive craniotomy can successfully manage symptomatic aerocele and associated cranio-facial injuries.
  • Timely surgical intervention is key to preventing permanent neurological deficits, such as vision loss.