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Related Concept Videos

Plant Cell Wall02:43

Plant Cell Wall

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The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.
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Plant Cell Wall01:07

Plant Cell Wall

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Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid outer covering that protects the cell and provides shape and support. During cell division, a mixture of enzymes, proteins, and glucose molecules is transported via vesicles to the center of the cell. These vesicles continuously fuse and build a cell plate between the dividing cells. As the cell plate matures, new polysaccharides are added to it to form the cell walls of the daughter cells. The predominant polysaccharide in the cell wall is cellulose, made...
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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
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Overview of Algae01:28

Overview of Algae

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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Animal and Plant Cell Structure01:30

Animal and Plant Cell Structure

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Animal and plant cells not only differ in their structure, function, and mode of nutrition but also in how they reproduce, specialize, and organize into complex structures.
Cell Division
Though both plant and animal cells divide by mitosis (for non-gametic cells) and meiosis (for gametic cells), they differ in the specifics of this process. Unlike animal cells, plant cells lack centrosomes — an organelle responsible for organizing the spindle fibers and segregating the chromosomes during...
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Streptophyte algae and terrestrialization: breaking down the fundamental challenges from an ECM perspective.

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Managing pectin: Cell wall integrity maintenance in the streptophyte alga, Penium margaritaceum.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Experimental Screening Protocols, Immunocytochemistry and Microscopy-based Imaging Techniques for Penium margaritaceum
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Plant and algal cell walls: diversity and functionality.

Zoë A Popper, Marie-Christine Ralet, David S Domozych

    Annals of Botany
    |December 3, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Plant and algal cell walls, rich in carbohydrates, are crucial for photosynthetic eukaryotes and have diverse industrial applications. Research is revealing their complex components and physiological roles.

    Area of Science:

    • Plant and algal biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Carbohydrate-rich cell walls are a unifying feature of distantly related plants and algae.
    • These cell walls are vital for numerous physiological processes and represent a major carbon sink.
    • Cell wall components have significant applications in food, fuel, pharmaceuticals, fibers, and building materials.

    Discussion:

    • This special issue covers cell wall biosynthesis, remodeling, diversity, and technological applications across various plant and algal species.
    • Papers explore different developmental stages, organs, and specific cell wall components.
    • The organization focuses on biosynthesis/remodeling, diversity, and new technologies.

    Key Insights:

    • Cell walls are integral to organismal function, survival, and industrial utility.

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  • The complexity of cell wall components and their environmental interactions is increasingly understood.
  • Research spans diverse organisms, developmental stages, and analytical techniques.

    • Outlook:

    • Future research will likely expand industrial uses of cell walls and explore novel applications for cell wall components.
    • Defining the roles of individual cell wall components in plant and algal physiology is a key future challenge.
    • Continued progression in characterizing structure, metabolism, properties, and localization is essential.