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Lacrimal fluid and electrolyte secretion: a review
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Current Eye Research
|June 1, 1989
Summary
Lacrimal gland fluid secretion involves two stages, with electrolyte transport mechanisms in ductal epithelia still under investigation. Recent studies support a model for transcellular chloride secretion in the acinus.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Ophthalmology
- Epithelial Biology
Background:
- Lacrimal gland fluid is crucial for the precorneal tear film.
- Fluid secretion is regulated by parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation.
- Lacrimal fluid production occurs in two stages: primary fluid secretion and KCl-rich fluid secretion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate electrolyte transport mechanisms in lacrimal gland ductal epithelia.
- To elucidate the model for transcellular chloride secretion in the lacrimal gland acinus.
Main Methods:
- Tracer flux measurements
- Intracellular electrical recording
- Intracellular ion activity measurements
- Patch clamping
- Analytical subcellular fractionation
Main Results:
- A model for transcellular chloride secretion in the acinus is supported.
- Apical membrane Cl--selective channels are involved.
- Basal-lateral membrane transporters include Na+/H+ antiporters, Cl-/HCO3-antiporters, K+ channels, and Na,K-ATPase.
Conclusions:
- The study provides insights into the electrolyte transport mechanisms governing lacrimal gland fluid secretion.
- Understanding these mechanisms is vital for comprehending tear film physiology and related disorders.