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Shanna Cooper1, Lindsey M Lavaysse1, David E Gard1

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People with schizophrenia often lack motivation, impacting daily life. A new scale, the General Causality Orientation Scale for clinical populations (GCOS-CP), effectively measures these motivation deficits in severe mental illness.

Keywords:
AmotivationExtrinsic motivationIntrinsic motivationSelf-Determination Theory

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Motivation deficits are prevalent in schizophrenia, affecting functioning and treatment adherence.
  • Self-Determination Theory (SDT) offers insights into impaired motivation in schizophrenia.
  • Existing self-report measures for motivation in severe mental illness are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt and validate a self-report measure of motivation for individuals with schizophrenia and other severe mental disorders.
  • To assess the psychometric properties of the General Causality Orientation Scale for clinical populations (GCOS-CP).

Main Methods:

  • Adapted the General Causality Orientation Scale (GCOS) into the GCOS-CP.
  • Study 1: Tested GCOS-CP similarity to GCOS in a college sample (N=360).
  • Study 2: Validated GCOS-CP in individuals with schizophrenia (N=44) and healthy controls (N=42).

Main Results:

  • Study 1: GCOS-CP demonstrated psychometric similarity to the original GCOS with good convergent and discriminant validity.
  • Study 2: Individuals with schizophrenia exhibited lower motivational autonomy and higher impersonal/amotivated orientations compared to controls.
  • Findings align with previous laboratory and observer-based research on motivation in schizophrenia.

Conclusions:

  • The GCOS-CP is a psychometrically sound self-report measure for assessing motivation in clinical populations, particularly schizophrenia.
  • The scale can help identify specific motivational deficits, such as reduced autonomy, in individuals with severe mental illness.
  • The GCOS-CP has potential applications in research and clinical practice for understanding and addressing motivation impairments.