Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Analysis of Protein Import into Chloroplasts Isolated from Stressed Plants
Published on: November 1, 2016
Ions channels/transporters and chloroplast regulation
Giovanni Finazzi1, Dimitris Petroutsos1, Martino Tomizioli1
1CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, UMR 5168, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPCV, F-38054 Grenoble, France; CEA, DSV, iRTSV, LPCV, F-38054 Grenoble, France; INRA, LPCV, USC1359, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
Abstract:
Ions play fundamental roles in all living cells and their gradients are often essential to fuel transports, to regulate enzyme activities and to transduce energy within and between cells. Their homeostasis is therefore an essential component of the cell metabolism. Ions must be imported from the extracellular matrix to their final subcellular compartments. Among them, the chloroplast is a particularly interesting example because there, ions not only modulate enzyme activities, but also mediate ATP synthesis and actively participate in the building of the photosynthetic structures by promoting membrane-membrane interaction. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive view of the different machineries involved in ion trafficking and homeostasis in the chloroplast, and then discuss peculiar functions exerted by ions in the frame of photochemical conversion of absorbed light energy.
Related Concept Videos
Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane
Protein Transport to the Stroma
Protein complexes called the translocon of the outer chloroplast membrane or TOC complex, and the translocon of the inner chloroplast membrane or TIC complex mediate the...
Protein Transport to the Thylakoids
Ion Channels
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
Short-distance Transport of Resources

