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Related Experiment Videos

Asphyxiants.

Stephen W Borron1, Vikhyat S Bebarta2

  • 1Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, West Texas Regional Poison Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, 4801 Alberta Avenue, Suite B3200, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Asphyxiants cause oxygen deprivation through displacement or interference with oxygen transport and utilization. Treatment involves aggressive supportive care and specific antidotes for poisoning.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Asphyxiants are substances that deprive the body of oxygen.
  • They can be simple, displacing oxygen, or systemic, interfering with oxygen transport or cellular respiration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the mechanisms, clinical presentation, and treatment of asphyxiant poisoning.

Main Methods:

  • Review of asphyxiant properties and toxicological effects.
  • Description of clinical manifestations and diagnostic considerations.
  • Outline of treatment strategies, including supportive care and antidotes.

Main Results:

  • Asphyxiants can be gases, liquids, or solids.
  • Clinical signs include altered mental status, respiratory changes, abnormal vital signs, coma, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse.
Keywords:
AntidoteAsphyxiantsAzideCarbon monoxideCyanideHydrazoic acidHydrogen sulfideMethemoglobinemia

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  • Effective treatment relies on aggressive supportive care and targeted antidotes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Understanding asphyxiant mechanisms is crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • Prompt and aggressive supportive care is essential for improving outcomes in asphyxiant poisoning.
    • Specific antidotes can enhance treatment efficacy.