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Related Concept Videos

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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
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[Fibromuscular dysplasia].

A C Desbois1, F Koskas2, P Cacoub1

  • 1Département de médecine interne et immunologie clinique, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire I2B, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris 6, 75013 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7211, 75005 Paris, France; Inserm, UMR S 959, 75013 Paris, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Fibromuscular dysplasia, a vascular condition, commonly affects the renal arteries, potentially causing hypertension. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is the preferred treatment over surgery for most cases.

Keywords:
AneurysmAnévrysmeArtère rénaleDysplasie fibromusculaireFibromuscular dysplasiaRenal arteryStenosisSténose

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Nephrology

Context:

  • Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory vascular disease affecting medium arteries.
  • Renal artery involvement is most common (60-100%), leading to stenosis, occlusion, aneurysms, or dissection.
  • Carotid and vertebral artery involvement occurs less frequently (10-35%).

Purpose:

  • To review the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of fibromuscular dysplasia.
  • To highlight the shift in treatment paradigms from surgical intervention to endovascular procedures.
  • To discuss the prognostic implications based on angiographic presentation and patient symptoms.

Summary:

  • FMD can lead to renal artery stenosis, causing hypertension or renal insufficiency.
  • Angiographic presentation (focal vs. multifocal) influences outcomes, with focal lesions showing better hypertension recovery rates.
  • Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is the primary treatment, with surgery reserved for complex cases.

Impact:

  • Histologic criteria are no longer primary prognostic indicators for FMD.
  • Symptomatic patients with renal FMD and specific indications (hypertension, asymmetric renal size, impaired function) are candidates for revascularization.
  • Transluminal angioplasty offers a highly effective first-line treatment option for renal artery stenosis due to FMD.