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Inflammation, mechanical allodynia and an exaggerated exercise pressor reflex during disease progression in UCD-type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

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The exercise pressor reflex and peripheral artery disease.

Audrey J Stone1, Marc P Kaufman1

  • 1Heart and Vascular Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.

Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) augments the exercise pressor reflex. This review explores mechanisms behind this exaggerated reflex in a rat model, focusing on sensory pathways in skeletal muscle.

Keywords:
Autonomic controlClaudicationMean arterial pressureMuscle afferentsStatic contraction

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Skeletal Muscle Physiology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The exercise pressor reflex enhances cardiovascular and ventilatory function during physical activity.
  • This reflex involves mechanical and metabolic stimulation of sensory nerves (group III and IV afferents) in exercising muscles.
  • Individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) exhibit an exaggerated exercise pressor reflex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the augmented exercise pressor reflex in a rat model of PAD.
  • To identify specific molecular pathways and receptors involved in the exaggerated reflex in PAD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a recently established animal model of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in rats.
  • Reviewed recent studies examining sensory pathways and receptor contributions to the exercise pressor reflex in this model.
  • Compared findings to known mechanisms in healthy rats.

Main Results:

  • The review synthesizes data on the roles of ASIC3, bradykinin, P2X, endoperoxide, and thromboxane receptors.
  • Evidence suggests these receptors are involved in evoking the exercise pressor reflex.
  • The PAD model allows for focused investigation of these pathways in the context of the exaggerated reflex.

Conclusions:

  • Recent studies in a rat PAD model provide insights into the mechanisms of an exaggerated exercise pressor reflex.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for addressing cardiovascular complications in PAD patients.
  • Further research in this model can elucidate specific therapeutic targets.