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Related Concept Videos

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...
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Esophageal Achalasia01:27

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Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide...
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

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Eosinophilic esophagitis.

Seema S Aceves1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Center for Infection, Inflammation, and Immunology, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC-0760, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergic inflammatory disease of the esophagus. Management involves dietary changes and corticosteroids to control symptoms and prevent esophageal remodeling.

Keywords:
Clinical featuresEosinophilic esophagitisFibrosisPathogenesisRemodelingTreatment options

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a growing public health concern with increasing prevalence.
  • It is a chronic condition characterized by eosinophilic inflammation of the esophagus.
  • Antigen triggers initiate T helper cell type 2 inflammation, leading to esophageal remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features of EoE.
  • To discuss current treatment options for EoE.
  • To explore the epidemiology and pathogenesis of EoE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical features, treatment, epidemiology, and pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of antigen triggers and inflammatory pathways.
  • Evaluation of esophageal remodeling and its complications.

Main Results:

  • EoE is driven by food and aeroallergen triggers.
  • Inflammation leads to subepithelial fibrosis and esophageal remodeling.
  • Complications include narrowing, rigidity, and food impactions.

Conclusions:

  • Management strategies include dietary antigen elimination and topical corticosteroids.
  • Long-term therapy and monitoring are often necessary.
  • Understanding pathogenesis is crucial for managing chronic EoE and its side effects.