Overwhelming post splenectomy infection syndrome - review study

The spleen has an abundance of lymphoid tissue, including splenic macrophages that attack encapsulated organisms. Overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI) is a serious disease that can progress from a mild flu-like illness to fulminant sepsis in a short time period. However, recognition and clinical management of OPSI is not well established. Patients who are asplenic or hyposplenic are at an increased risk for infection and death from encapsulated organisms and other dangerous pathogens. Although relatively rare, it has a high mortality rate with delayed or inadequate treatment, and therefore it is important for Emergency Physicians to be familiar with it. Durations between Splenectomy and onset of OPSI ranged from less than 1 wk to more than 20 years. Although the mortality rate from OPSI has been reduced by appropriate vaccination and education. The precise pathogenesis and a suitable therapeutic strategy remain to be elucidated. Overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI) is a serious fulminant process that carries a high mortality rate.