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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.4K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular...
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Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

White and Brown Adipose Grafts: An Approach to Correct Reproductive, Metabolic, and Renal Deficits in Black and Tan Brachyury (BTBR) Obese Mice
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White and Brown Adipose Grafts: An Approach to Correct Reproductive, Metabolic, and Renal Deficits in Black and Tan Brachyury (BTBR) Obese Mice

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Leptin in autoimmune diseases.

Claudio Procaccini1, Valentina Pucino2, Christos S Mantzoros3

  • 1Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR) c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Napoli, Italy.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
|December 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leptin, a hormone linking metabolism and immunity, impacts immune homeostasis. Dysregulated leptin levels in obesity may increase susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, suggesting metabolic therapies.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityLeptinMetabolismT cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Adipocytes secrete adipokines, like leptin, influencing endocrine and immune functions.
  • Leptin, initially an antiobesity hormone, affects hematopoiesis, thermogenesis, reproduction, angiogenesis, and immune homeostasis.
  • Leptin acts as a cytokine, impacting thymic homeostasis and acute-phase reactant secretion (e.g., IL-1, TNF-α).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding leptin's role in autoimmune disease pathogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of metabolic-based therapeutic approaches for modulating autoimmune attacks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of research on leptin and its connection to metabolic state and immune function over the past twenty years.
  • Analysis of leptin's influence on immune homeostasis, T helper 1 (Th1) responses, and inflammatory processes.
  • Examination of leptin's role in the context of obesity and its association with increased disease risk.

Main Results:

  • Leptin links nutritional status to proinflammatory Th1 immune responses.
  • Food deprivation decreases leptin, impairing immune function.
  • Elevated leptin in obesity contributes to low-grade inflammation, increasing susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, autoimmunity, and cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin plays a significant role in immune homeostasis and the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders.
  • Metabolic-based therapeutic strategies targeting leptin may offer novel approaches for managing autoimmune diseases.