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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
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Boosting NAD to spare hearing.

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Summary
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Noise-induced hearing loss reduces cochlear NAD levels. Nicotinamide riboside or WldS mutation protects hearing, with nicotinamide riboside

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • NAD metabolism's role in neuroprotection is known.
  • Cochlear NAD levels in response to noise damage are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of noise exposure on cochlear NAD levels.
  • To determine if nicotinamide riboside (NR) or WldS mutation can protect against noise-induced hearing loss.
  • To elucidate the role of Sirt3 in NR-mediated hearing protection.

Main Methods:

  • Ex vivo experiments on cochlear tissue.
  • Induction of noise-induced hearing loss.
  • Administration of nicotinamide riboside.
  • Assessment of NAD levels and hearing function.
  • Genetic manipulation (WldS mutation) and Sirt3 inhibition.

Main Results:

  • Deafening noise significantly diminished cochlear NAD levels.
  • Nicotinamide riboside treatment or WldS mutation preserved cochlear NAD and protected hearing.
  • Hearing protection conferred by nicotinamide riboside was dependent on Sirt3 activity.

Conclusions:

  • Cochlear NAD metabolism is vulnerable to noise-induced damage.
  • Nicotinamide riboside and WldS mutation offer potential therapeutic strategies for hearing protection.
  • Sirt3 is a critical mediator of nicotinamide riboside's protective effects in the cochlea.