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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
Published on: November 20, 2015
Amniotic fluid "sludge" is an independent risk factor for preterm delivery
Alan Roberto Hatanaka1, Rosiane Mattar1, Tatiana Emy Nishimoto Kawanami1
1a Department of Obstetrics , Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) , São Paulo , Brazil.
Objective:
To determine the prevalence and the clinical significance of amniotic fluid "sludge" (AFS) in asymptomatic patients at low and high risk for spontaneous preterm delivery.
Method:
A prospective cohort study was conducted on 195 singleton pregnancies at low or high risk for preterm birth (PTB) between the 16th and 26th weeks. Cervical length (CL) <25 mm and the presence of AFS were evaluated. The risk for preterm delivery before 28, 32, 35 and 37 weeks were determined according to the presence of AFS, CL < 25 mm and history of high risk for PTB. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to compare variables.
Results:
AFS was an independent risk factor for PTB < 35 weeks (OR: 3.08, 95% CI: 1.13-8.34, p = 0.027) but not for PTB < 28, 32 and 37 weeks. CL < 25 mm was an independent risk factor for PTB < 28, 32 and 35 but not for PTB < 37 weeks. High risk for PTB was not found as an independent risk factor for PTB.
Conclusion:
AFS is an independent risk factor for PTB before 35 weeks.
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