Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence01:28

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

66
Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
66
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes01:30

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

1.4K
Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased...
1.4K
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

2
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
2
Bacterial Toxins01:12

Bacterial Toxins

109
Bacterial toxins are sophisticated virulence factors that enable pathogenic bacteria to interact with, invade, and damage host tissues. These toxins fall broadly into two types: protein exotoxins, which are secreted into the environment and target specific host receptors, and lipopolysaccharide endotoxins, which are structural components of the bacterial outer membrane released primarily during bacterial lysis or membrane shedding. Exotoxins generally act more selectively, binding to cell...
109

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A critical review of diagnostic methods for camel brucellosis.

Veterinary and animal science·2026
Same author

Isolation of luminescent symbiont bacteria from marine cephalopods: a practical activity for the study of bacterial quorum sensing.

FEMS microbiology letters·2026
Same author

Yeast-Derived Postbiotics for Prevention of Enteric Diseases in Farm Animals: Current Insights and Future Perspectives.

Veterinary sciences·2026
Same author

Conjunctival administration of H38ΔwbkF rough vaccine as an effective strategy to protect against Brucella ovis infection while minimizing serological interference.

Veterinary research·2026
Same author

Stress-induced iron-sulfur cluster damage as a conserved trigger of the bacterial stringent response.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Disruption of the Nitric Oxide Reductase Operon via <i>norD</i> Deletion Does Not Affect <i>Brucella abortus</i> 2308W Virulence.

Microorganisms·2025
Same journal

Protease-driven approaches for wound eschar debridement and biofilm disruption: current advances, future prospects, and limitations.

Critical reviews in microbiology·2026
Same journal

Environmental regulation of pathogenicity islands by nucleoid-associated proteins in bacteria.

Critical reviews in microbiology·2026
Same journal

New strains, new threats: the rise of atypical non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> serovars and what it means for global health.

Critical reviews in microbiology·2026
Same journal

Tripartite warfare: decoding the cell-virus-virophage arms race.

Critical reviews in microbiology·2026
Same journal

Anti-<i>Candida albicans</i> natural products: convergent technologies revolutionizing discovery from bioactivity assessment to targeted mechanisms.

Critical reviews in microbiology·2026
Same journal

Retraction Notice.

Critical reviews in microbiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells
15:29

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells

Published on: August 5, 2016

8.7K

Brucella, nitrogen and virulence.

Severin Ronneau1, Simon Moussa1, Thibault Barbier1

  • 1a UNamur, URBM 61 rue de Bruxelles , Namur , Belgium and.

Critical Reviews in Microbiology
|December 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brucella bacteria, causing zoonotic brucellosis, efficiently utilize host resources by tightly regulating their nitrogen metabolism. This strategy is crucial for their intracellular survival and virulence.

Keywords:
Alpha-ProteobacteriaBrucellabacterial metabolismhost–pathogen relationnitrogen

More Related Videos

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
11:32

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

15.8K
Essential Components of Borreliella Borrelia burgdorferi In Vitro Transcription Assays
07:15

Essential Components of Borreliella Borrelia burgdorferi In Vitro Transcription Assays

Published on: July 22, 2022

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells
15:29

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells

Published on: August 5, 2016

8.7K
Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
11:32

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

15.8K
Essential Components of Borreliella Borrelia burgdorferi In Vitro Transcription Assays
07:15

Essential Components of Borreliella Borrelia burgdorferi In Vitro Transcription Assays

Published on: July 22, 2022

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Brucellae are α-Proteobacteria responsible for brucellosis, a significant zoonotic disease.
  • These bacteria reside within host cells, multiplying in specialized vacuoles without causing immediate cell death, indicating sophisticated resource utilization.
  • Brucellae exhibit prototrophy, capable of synthesizing amino acids, and possess extensive nutrient uptake systems, suggesting unique nutritional strategies compared to related bacteria like Legionella pneumophila.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze genomic and experimental data concerning Brucella's nitrogen metabolism.
  • To explore the intricate connection between Brucella's nitrogen metabolism and its virulence.
  • To compare Brucella's nitrogen metabolism with that of other α-Proteobacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing genomic data on Brucella species.
  • Analysis of published experimental studies on nitrogen metabolism mutants.
  • Comparative analysis of nitrogen metabolism pathways across different α-Proteobacteria.

Main Results:

  • Numerous nitrogen metabolism mutants (transporters, enzymes, regulators) have been identified as essential for full Brucella virulence.
  • Brucellae possess a complex nitrogen metabolism involving transport, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, respiration, and regulation.
  • Significant differences and similarities exist in Brucella's nitrogen metabolism when compared to other α-Proteobacteria.

Conclusions:

  • Brucellae employ a versatile nitrogen metabolism strategy, utilizing diverse nitrogen sources for biosynthesis, catabolism, and respiration during intracellular life.
  • The bacterium's prototrophic nature and tightly regulated nitrogen utilization are key components of its survival and virulence mechanisms.
  • Understanding Brucella's nitrogen metabolism provides insights into host-pathogen interactions and potential therapeutic targets.