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Related Concept Videos

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

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A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
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Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
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An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
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Metabolomics predicts stroke recurrence after transient ischemic attack.

Mariona Jové1, Gerard Mauri-Capdevila1, Idalmis Suárez1

  • 1From NUTREN-Nutrigenomics Center (M.J., M.P.-O.), Department of Experimental Medicine (R.P.), Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida-Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida; Stroke Unit (G.M.-C., I.S., S.C., J.S., A.Q., I.B., F.P.), Department of Neurology, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, IRBLleida; and Laboratori Clinic (J.F.), Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, IRBLleida, Spain.

Neurology
|December 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Metabolomics identifies novel biomarkers for stroke recurrence (SR), improving prediction beyond the ABCD2 score. Specific lysophosphatidylcholines help distinguish early SR cases, enhancing stroke risk assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Stroke recurrence (SR) prediction relies on conventional factors, but improved accuracy is needed.
  • Novel biomarkers are essential to enhance the prediction of SR and identify specific patient subgroups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover novel candidate biomarkers for SR using metabolomics.
  • To enhance the predictive power of existing SR risk assessment tools.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for plasma metabolomic profiling.
  • Multivariate statistics and pattern recognition for biomarker identification in TIA patients.
  • Validation in an independent cohort.

Main Results:

  • Metabolomics successfully predicted SR using pattern recognition.
  • Low LysoPC(16:0) and LysoPC(20:4) concentrations were associated with SR.
  • Distinct metabolomic patterns differentiated early (<3 months) SR from late or no recurrence.
  • LysoPC(22:6) was identified as a potential biomarker for large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA).

Conclusions:

  • Metabolomics significantly improves the predictive power of conventional SR predictors like ABCD2 and LAA.
  • Pattern recognition methods can discriminate SR patients and differentiate early from late SR cases.
  • Novel lysophosphatidylcholine biomarkers offer enhanced stroke risk stratification.