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Updated: Apr 20, 2026
Induction and Evaluation of Inbreeding Crosses Using the Ant, Vollenhovia Emeryi
Published on: October 5, 2018
Measuring relatedness between inbred individuals
Philip W Hedrick1, Robert C Lacy2
1School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 (Hedrick); and Chicago Zoological Society, Brookfield, IL 60513 (Lacy). philip.hedrick@asu.edu.
Abstract:
Genetic relatedness between individuals is an important measure in many areas of biology. However, some relatedness measures for use with molecular (allele) data assume that the individuals themselves are not inbred. Here, we present a new measure of relatedness based on the different modes of identity-by-descent for alleles that has an upper bound of 1 even when the individuals being compared are themselves inbred. This new measure is compared to several other measures of relatedness using several simple examples and pedigree data from the wolf population in Isle Royale National Park.
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01:18Dihybrid Crosses
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Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
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