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Related Concept Videos

Subcellular Fractionation01:32

Subcellular Fractionation

The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...
Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets, with...

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Laminar Flow-based Assays to Investigate Leukocyte Recruitment on Cultured Vascular Cells and Adherent Platelets
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Subcellular composition of platelet density subpopulations prepared using continuous Percoll gradients.

K G Chamberlain1, P Seth, M K Jones

  • 1University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.

British Journal of Haematology
|June 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Platelet density correlates with granule content and glycogen levels. Lower density platelets may be younger, influencing their composition and function.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Human platelets are crucial for hemostasis and thrombosis.
  • Platelet heterogeneity in density suggests variations in composition and age.
  • Understanding these variations is key to platelet function research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the subcellular composition of human platelets across different densities.
  • To investigate the relationship between platelet density and the concentration of various granule constituents and enzymes.
  • To explore the role of glycogen in determining platelet density heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Separation of normal human platelets by density using continuous Percoll gradients.
  • Analysis of subcellular composition, including dense and alpha-granule contents, lysosomal enzymes, and cytosolic enzymes.
  • Quantification of calcium, serotonin, von Willebrand factor, beta-thromboglobulin, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and glycogen.

Main Results:

  • Dense granule number and concentration, along with calcium and serotonin levels, increased significantly with platelet density.
  • Alpha-granule constituents (von Willebrand factor, beta-thromboglobulin) also increased with density.
  • Glycogen concentration showed a strong positive correlation with platelet density, suggesting its role in density heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet density is a significant determinant of subcellular composition, particularly granule content and glycogen levels.
  • Lower density platelets exhibit lower concentrations of serotonin per dense granule and higher cytosolic enzyme levels.
  • Findings support the hypothesis that lower density platelets may represent a younger population in normal human subjects.